SpaceElevatorRibbon

The Ribbon

The core of the Space Elevator is the physical connection between Earth and space. In our baseline design this connection is in the form of a ribbon though earlier designs discussed a round cable.

The primary technical challenge to building the Space elevator has always been the availability of material with sufficient strength. The availability and strength of this material drives all aspects of the space elevator.

	Basic Aspect	Details
Material	Carbon nanotube	SWNT or MWNT two centimeters in length. General status of material
Width	variable	10 cm wide in the lower atmosphere, widens to a meter at LEO and maintains this width for remainder of ribbon
Thickness	Ill-defined	Not a single mass, composed of axial fibers, area density in arbitrary units is 1 at LEO, 2.3 at GEO, and 10 at Earth due to width and tension requirements
Length	100,000 kilometers	The length was selected based on engineering parameters such as relative mass of climber (counterweight) and cable and on the destinations of interest (Mars, asteroids).
Small scale design	Spun CNT thread	The number and diameter of the axial threads are yet to be determined and will be set by production limitations and ribbon robustness
Interconnects	Tape sandwich	Millimeter to several millimeter wide strips of gold-coated polymide tape with CNT reinforcing fibers roughly 10 microns thick. Spacing varies with the closest interconnects (10 cm) at and below LEO. Interconnects must be able to hold axial threads at 1% to 3% of their tension if broken allowing slippage at higher tension.

These images show the proposed basic design though not completely to scale. Many small axial, load-bearing fibers are held in a ribbon configuration by orthogonal epoxy, adhesive tape or woven interconnects. increasing the size of the ribbon is accomplished by splicing additional ribbons to the sides or face of the initial ribbon.

Discussions on the ribbon can be found File:Cable write up.odt and the basic spreadsheet for cable calculations for different planets, lift capabilities, lengths, etc. can be found in this File:Cable worksheet.ods

Insert Sketchup graphic and related Sketchup file http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=bd063afd8c6594bb86852bf1a7913ebc&prevstart=0

Major Development Issues Related to this Component

1. Stored Energy Release in Ribbon
2. Splicing Ribbons During Construction
3. Optimizing Ribbon Design
4. Atomic Oxygen Effects on Ribbon
5. Spooling of the Ribbon for Deployment
6. Degradation of the Ribbon in the Space Environment
7. Attaching the Ribbon to the Anchor

Additional Work Needed

The ribbon is the greatest technical challenge facing the space elevator. It must be extremely strong, fault-free and damage-tolerant, lightweight, and resistant to radiation, ultraviolet and atomic oxygen.

Item	Notes	Completed and Ongoing Efforts
Production of carbon nantubes	Develop techniques for mass production of CNT based materials	Ribbon refinement by User 1
Develop ribbon designs and optimize components	Optimize thread size for production and use, develop and test optimal interconnects (woven, tape sandwiches, epoxy,...)	Ribbon refinement by User 1
Make and test various ribbon designs	Aligned threads with orthogonal interconnects, cross-linked tethers (Hoytether), solid sheets... test for fault tolerance, strength to weight ratio,	Ribbon refinement by User 1
Test CNT threads to destruction	Test the energy storage and dissipation when a CNT thread is pulled to breaking	Ribbon refinement by User 1

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